Jones & Bartlett Learning (JBL) Module 5 Practice Exam

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• Which of the following injuries would MOST likely cause obstructive shock?
• A 22-year-old female was ejected from her car after striking a tree head-on. As you approach her, you note obvious closed deformities to both of her femurs. She is not moving and does not appear to be conscious. You should:
• Which of the following is the ONLY action that can prevent eventual death from a tension pneumothorax?
• Which statement about crush syndrome is correct?
• In pediatric trauma, the liver and spleen are larger in proportion to the abdomen. Which option correctly reflects this?
• During the inflammation phase, which vascular change occurs due to histamines?
• In elderly patients who fall, which statement is supported by evidence?
• Distributive shock occurs when which mechanism predominates?
• When the speed of a motor vehicle doubles, the amount of kinetic energy:
• Which of the following interventions is the MOST critical to the outcome of a patient with multisystem trauma?
• Which option best reflects the body's primary responses to stop bleeding?
• During your primary assessment of a 19-year-old unconscious male with severe head trauma, you observe rapid, irregular, shallow respirations and bloody secretions draining from the mouth and nose. You should:
• Which anticoagulant medication is mentioned as increasing bleeding risk?
• A 56-year-old male has an incomplete avulsion to his right forearm. After controlling any bleeding from the wound, you should:
• Which statement regarding compartment syndrome is correct?
• During a full-body assessment, which finding should you look for using the DCAP-BTLS framework?
• During your assessment of a 29-year-old female with significant deformity to her left elbow, you are unable to palpate a radial pulse. Your transport time to the hospital is approximately 40 minutes. You should:
• Skeletal muscle is attached to the bone by tough, ropelike structures called which?
• Which statement accurately describes the most common causes of secondary brain injury?
• A burn that is characterized by redness and pain is classified as a:
• What intervention uniquely prevents death in tension pneumothorax?
• On the basis of information that a 6-year-old is in the front seat wearing a lap belt and the air bag deployed, which injury is most suspicious?
• Documentation on a sexual assault victim should _______.
• Which action is the preferred treatment for a severe anterior epistaxis (nosebleed) in the field?
• When a patient stiffens the muscles of the abdomen, what is this called?
• A 30-year-old female presents with redness, inflammation, and pain to her left eye and has difficulty keeping her eyes open. Which condition is most likely?
• In older patients, the first indicator of nontraumatic internal bleeding may be:
• Which of the following is the most significant complication in facial injuries?
• In pediatric patients, the liver and spleen are ______.
• Which destination is most appropriate for a patient involved in a rollover motor vehicle collision who is unconscious, assuming travel times to each center are equal?
• An open fracture is MOST accurately defined as a fracture in which:
• During your assessment of a patient who was shot in the abdomen, you notice a large entrance wound with multiple small puncture wounds surrounding it. This wound pattern is MOST consistent with a:
• In the impaled object scenario, which statement describes a situation where removal is indicated?
• Which organ has the greatest tolerance for lack of perfusion (shock)?
• When treating an 80-year-old patient who is in shock, it is important to remember that:
• Foods, medications, and insects are common causes of which type of shock?
• What term describes shock in which compensatory mechanisms maintain adequate circulation with no immediate organ failure?
• The most common mechanism for a closed chest injury is:
• Which statement best describes the clinical severity of external male genitalia injuries in trauma?
• Which statement about simple pneumothorax is true?
• In a patient with a penile avulsion and moderate bleeding, which initial measure is most appropriate?
• Compression injury is most likely due to which of the following?
• What is the most significant complication associated with facial injuries?
• Which statement best defines the index of suspicion?
• Hypovolemic shock occurs when
• Where is the skin thinnest?
• Children are often 'belly breathers' because _______.
• Difficulty breathing and a sunken appearance of the anterior abdominal wall are most indicative of rupture of which organ?
• A 15-year-old female was struck by a small car while riding her bicycle. She was wearing a helmet and was thrown to the ground, striking her head. In addition to managing problems associated with airway, breathing, and circulation, it is MOST important for you to:
• Which action is appropriate to control internal bleeding from a fractured limb in the field?
• The severity of bleeding should be based on all of the following findings, EXCEPT:
• Pulmonary edema and breathing difficulties are most characteristic of which shock type?
• An indicator of an expanding intracranial hematoma or rapidly progressing brain swelling is:
• After puncture of a hollow abdominal organ, which statement about peritonitis is correct?
• The musculoskeletal system refers to the following components.
• In the setting of a pelvic fracture with hypotension, the recommended immobilization step is to apply a pelvic binder.
• A fracture is MOST accurately defined as a(n):
• When caring for a patient whose arm is covered with a dry chemical, you should:
• When should musculoskeletal injuries be splinted before moving the patient?
• Which is a severe burn in a 65-year-old patient?
• Which scenario is most likely to present with a visible deformity?
• You note thin, bloody drainage from a patient’s ear after head trauma. This finding most likely indicates which of the following?
• Which finding would be LEAST suggestive of a high-energy trauma?
• As you approach a young male involved in an industrial accident, you note that his eyes are closed and that he is not moving. You can see several large contusions to his arms, a laceration to his forehead with minimal bleeding, and a closed deformity to his right leg. You should:
• Which of the following is the most likely cause of abdominal pain with vomiting and fever in trauma scenarios?
• Which splinting device is MOST appropriate to use for an open forearm fracture with external bleeding?
• Besides severe bleeding, what is the most life-threatening complication of an open neck injury?
• Which three response domains are assessed by the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)?
• Which statement about abdominal eviscerations is correct?
• Which of the following lists the components of the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) correctly?
• A man jumped from the roof of his house and landed on his feet. This mechanism of injury is an example of what?
• Which statement about the function of red blood cells is correct?
• A dog bite to a child should be reported to the appropriate authorities, and additional steps include:
• Burn injuries can lead to hypovolemic shock primarily due to loss of which fluid component?
• Which posture is commonly associated with severe brain injury?
• Pulmonary edema and impaired ventilation occur during which type of shock?
• During your secondary assessment of a 30-year-old male who fell 25 feet, you note crepitus when palpating his pelvis. Your partner advises you that the patient's blood pressure is 80/50 mm Hg and his heart rate is 120 beats/min and weak. After completing your assessment, you should:
• During an abdominal evisceration, which dressing is best to secure exposed organs during transport?
• Which section of the heart receives deoxygenated blood from the body?
• During evaluation of a patient with facial trauma and dislodged teeth after a motor vehicle crash, which management step should be performed?
• Which statement describes the reason for keeping protruding organs warm and moist in the field?
• When the depth of an open abdominal wound is difficult to determine, which action is essential?
• Hypovolemic shock caused by severe burns is primarily due to loss of which fluid component?
• During the inflammation phase, which process occurs?
• A 20-year-old with a severe laceration to the wrist is bleeding heavily. Which action is most appropriate first?
• What is the first action when encountering severe external bleeding?
• What is the most appropriate initial management for an avulsion of the foreskin with moderate bleeding?
• Which musculoskeletal injury would pose the greatest threat to a patient's life?
• Which portion of the blood carries oxygen to and wastes away from body tissues?
• After significant facial trauma, what should EMTs be most vigilant for?
• Approximately 25% of severe injuries to the aorta occur during:
• Which splinting device is indicated for an open forearm fracture with external bleeding?
• A flail chest is defined as:
• Which part of the nervous system controls voluntary movement?
• Which statement accurately describes the components of the Revised Trauma Score (RTS)?
• You have applied a dressing and roller-gauze bandage to a laceration on the arm of a young female. During transport, she begins to complain of numbness and tingling in her hand. You should:
• When assessing a patient with signs and symptoms of shock, it is important to remember that:
• Crush syndrome can develop when an area of the body is trapped for longer than how many hours?
• The central nervous system (CNS) is composed of the:
• An 8-year-old male bitten by a stray dog has a large laceration to the back of his left hand. In addition to transporting the child to the hospital, you should:
• In assessing a 59-year-old with unequal pupils, what is MOST pertinent to ask about his medical history?
• Which finding would be MOST significant in assessing possible internal bleeding?
• Crepitus and false motion are:
• What is the MOST significant hazard associated with splinting?
• In which patient should you remove an impaled object?
• Significant vital sign changes occur when an adult acutely loses more than what percent of total blood volume?
• According to the Association of Air Medical Services, you should consider air medical transport of a trauma patient if:
• In the scenario of a blunt abdominal trauma patient who is unstable with signs of shock and a transport time under 10 minutes, after treating the patient you should:
• Placing a pregnant patient in the supine position during the third trimester may...
• You suspect your patient is in shock. You note the patient's skin is pale. This is likely due to ___________.
• The index of suspicion is MOST accurately defined as:
• A supracondylar or intercondylar fracture is also known as a fracture of the:
• During evaluation of a patient with facial trauma and dislodged teeth, which action should be performed first?
• Following blunt trauma to the abdomen, a 21-year-old female complains of diffuse abdominal pain and pain to the left shoulder. Your assessment reveals that her abdomen is distended and tender to palpation. On the basis of these findings, you should be MOST suspicious of injury to the:
• Hyperextension injuries of the spine are MOST commonly the result of:
• A patient with a head injury presents with abnormal flexion of his extremities. What numeric value should you assign to him for motor response?
• When applying direct pressure to control external bleeding, what indicates hemostasis?
• What is the ideal technique for moving an injured patient from the ground to a backboard in the field?
• A closed soft-tissue injury with swelling and ecchymosis is best described as a:
• Which finding would most strongly suggest a renal injury after blunt abdominal trauma?
• A supracondylar fracture is a fracture of which bone?
• Crepitus and false motion are positive indicators of a fracture.
• A 28-year-old male struck in the chest during an altercation is conscious with severe chest pain, a large area of ecchymosis over the sternum, and a rapid, irregular pulse. In addition to providing supplemental oxygen, you should:
• Twelve hours after sustaining chest trauma, a patient presents with a flail segment to the right, respiratory distress, and an oxygen saturation of 78%. Breath sounds are equal bilaterally and the jugular veins are normal. You should suspect:
• A 21-year-old male sustained radiator burns to the anterior aspect of both arms and the anterior chest. According to the Rule of Nines, the burns cover how many percent of the BSA?
• When applying a dressing to control the bleeding of a patient's arm, the EMT should:
• Which is the best initial treatment for an abdominal evisceration in the field?
• Which trio makes up the perfusion triangle?
• Significant facial trauma should raise the EMT's index of suspicion for which injury?
• Force acting over a distance is the definition of:
• Which statement about the central nervous system is true?
• Which factor increases the risk of fracture in an elderly fall?
• Your patient is in shock, but the body's defense mechanisms are currently able to maintain adequate circulation. This is called ___________.
• Where is the superficial temporal artery palpated?
• The sebaceous glands produce sebum, a material that:
• A spinal cord injury at the level of C7 would MOST likely result in:
• Which breathing pattern is most indicative of increased intracranial pressure?
• Which musculoskeletal injury would MOST likely result in deformity?
• Which statement about hemophilia is correct?
• When evaluating a patient with a suspected scapular fracture, what is a primary concern?
• A 12-year-old male jumped approximately 12 feet from a tree and landed on his feet. He complains of pain to his lower back. What injury mechanism is most likely responsible for his back pain?
• What is the correct name for the upper jawbones? (alternate wording)
• When approaching a patient with severe leg bleeding, what is the first action you should take?
• When assessing a patient who experienced a blast injury, it is important to remember that:
• In a trauma patient with suspected spinal injury, which action is most important during initial assessment?
• Which organ would MOST likely bleed profusely when injured?
• Under what circumstance should you visually inspect the external genitalia during assessment?
• Anterior nosebleeds are typically characterized by which statement?
• During immobilization of a trauma patient’s spine, the EMT should not release manual head stabilization until which event occurs?
• Pale skin in a patient in shock is most likely due to which physiologic response?
• In a chest injury patient, which action is most appropriate immediately after providing supplemental oxygen?
• A 4-year-old female has a peanut lodged in the external auditory canal of her right ear. What is the best course of action?
• Bleeding from facial soft-tissue injuries is MOST effectively controlled by which method?
• In a trauma scenario where airway compromise is suspected, which action should be performed first?
• A 6-year-old who was riding a bicycle struck a clothesline with the throat has crackling in the neck and facial cyanosis. Beyond airway management, which action will MOST likely improve survival?
• Which landmark is used to palpate the superficial temporal artery?
• A cerebral contusion is characterized by which of the following?
• A 67-year-old male presents with weakness, dizziness, and melena that began approximately 2 days ago. He denies trauma. His blood pressure is 90/50 mm Hg and his pulse is 120 beats/min and thready. You should be MOST suspicious that this patient is experiencing:
• A simple pneumothorax is:
• Which condition of shock is directly associated with reduced blood flow due to impaired heart muscle function?
• In contrast to a cerebral concussion, a cerebral contusion:
• A 17-year-old female dislocated her patella while playing soccer. Her knee is flexed and she complains of severe pain. You should:
• Closed chest injuries are typically caused by _______.
• Which option is NOT produced by sympathetic activation?
• A 25-year-old unrestrained female sustains trauma at high speed and shows signs of shock due to intrathoracic bleeding. Which intervention provides the greatest chance of survival?
• The zone of injury is defined as which area?
• During reassessment of a blunt abdominal trauma patient with decreased consciousness and shallow respirations, which action is appropriate?
• Which connective tissue connects muscle to bone?
• Why is it important to describe facial injuries in detail to the receiving hospital during transport?
• Following blunt trauma to the face, a 21-year-old male has a severe headache and decreased ability to move his eyes. This presentation is MOST consistent with which injury?
• Following a stab wound to the left anterior chest, a 25-year-old male presents with decreased level of consciousness and signs of shock. Which additional assessment finding should increase your index of suspicion for cardiac tamponade?
• Inadequate circulation of blood throughout the body is defined as which term?
• Burns to pediatric patients are generally considered more serious than burns to adults because:
• When caring for a patient with a possible fracture of the scapula, the EMT should:
• Which action best applies to external bleeding from a sexual assault patient during transport?
• Which of the following indicates a skull fracture?
• Injuries to the external male genitalia _______.
• Which sign most strongly indicates potential airway compromise after head injury?
• Following a blunt injury to the head, a 22-year-old female is confused and complains of a severe headache and nausea. On the basis of these signs and symptoms, you should be MOST concerned with the possibility of:
• Shock due to severe infection is called which type?
• The term for circulation of blood within an organ or tissue in adequate amounts to meet the cells' oxygen, nutritional, and waste-removal needs is called:
• Which term describes inadequate blood flow to meet cellular needs?
• When light is shone into a pupil, what response is expected? (alternate wording)
• Which statement about secondary brain injury is correct?
• If a crush injury is freed from entrapment within six hours, the amount of tissue damage is generally minimal.
• In the field, which steps are essential when a patient has suspected internal bleeding due to bleeding and hypotension?
• Once a cervical collar has been applied to a patient with a possible spinal injury, it should not be removed unless:
• Which statement regarding gunshot wounds is correct?
• Which finding is most consistent with a blowout fracture after blunt facial trauma?
• Which section of the heart receives deoxygenated blood?
• During management of a semiconscious gunshot wound to the abdomen with external bleeding, your partner should:
• The Adam’s apple is formed by which anatomical structure?
• Which action should be taken first when caring for a patient with an open facial injury to protect yourself?
• Which statement correctly identifies septic shock?
• When using a tourniquet, which statement is accurate?
• If a patient with a chest injury is only able to inhale small amounts of air per breath, he or she
• After a factory worker’s eyes are splashed with a strong acid and sterile saline is not available, which action is correct?
• In the absence of sterile saline, what is the best immediate management for a chemical exposure to the eyes?
• If a patient with blunt abdominal trauma develops shallow respirations, what is the recommended airway management step first?
• A tight-fitting motorcycle helmet should be left in place unless:
• A 54-year-old male accidentally shot himself in the leg while cleaning his gun. Your assessment reveals a small entrance wound to the medial aspect of his right leg. The exit wound is on the opposite side of the leg and is actively bleeding. The patient complains of numbness and tingling in his right foot. You should:
• Which of the following injuries would MOST likely occur as a direct result of the third collision in a motor vehicle crash?
• Which statement BEST defines a flail chest?
• An open pneumothorax occurs when:
• Internal bleeding into a fractured extremity is MOST often controlled by:
• During shock, blood flow is redirected away from organs that tolerate low flow toward more essential tissues. Which organ is most likely to receive reduced perfusion as part of this redistribution?
• When activated, the sympathetic nervous system produces all of the following effects, EXCEPT:
• Which statement about the vitreous humor is correct?
• In an acute injury, neurogenic shock is commonly accompanied by which condition?
• Distributive shock is characterized by which of the following sequences?
• All of the following are hollow abdominal organs, EXCEPT which one?
• You should suspect a kidney injury anytime the patient presents with _______.
• A closed soft-tissue injury characterized by swelling and ecymosis is called a(n):
• If a patient swallows blood after facial trauma, there is an increased risk of which complication?
• In a scenario where a patient has burns to the arms and anterior trunk, what percentage of BSA is involved according to the Rule of Nines?
• In a motor vehicle crash, the third collision refers to which of the following?
• Which open soft-tissue injury is limited to the superficial layer of the skin and results in the least amount of blood loss?
• Which of the following signs is commonly observed early in an older patient with suspected internal bleeding and no obvious external injuries?
• Your patient has a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 13, a systolic blood pressure of 80 mm Hg, and a respiratory rate of 8 breaths/min. What is the Revised Trauma Score (RTS) likely to be?
• The Adam’s apple is:
• Which finding is most consistent with diaphragmatic rupture after blunt trauma?
• Among blast injuries, which type is most easily overlooked at the scene?
• Which of the following sequences correctly orders the spinal column sections from cervical to coccygeal?
• Obstructive shock in trauma patients is most likely caused by which condition?
• According to the ACS-COT, an adult trauma patient should be transported to the highest level of trauma center if he or she:
• If direct pressure fails to immediately stop severe bleeding from an extremity, you should apply:
• If a patient with head trauma has a slow pulse, this is most suspicious for what?
• Which of the following is true regarding injury to the kidneys?
• Which types of motor vehicle collisions present the greatest potential for multiple impacts?
• Which finding is most indicative of a high-energy mechanism in a crash?
• Which sign would most strongly suggest cardiac tamponade in chest trauma?
• A young male sustained a gunshot wound to the abdomen during an altercation. As your partner is assessing and managing his airway, you should control the obvious bleeding and then:
• A 39-year-old male was struck in the head by a baseball. He is confused and has slurred speech. After stabilizing his head and assessing his airway, you should:
• A hip fracture refers to a fracture of which anatomical region?
• Common signs and symptoms of a serious head injury include all of the following, EXCEPT:
• In a patient with a dislocated patella while the knee is flexed, the recommended management in the field is to keep the knee flexed and secure with padded board splints.
• Which action is not recommended during management of a severe nosebleed?
• In which scenario should you splint an injured limb in the position of deformity?
• A "hip" fracture is actually a fracture of the:
• A 33-year-old male sustained abdominal evisceration to the left lower quadrant after a cut. After managing ABCs and assessing for other life threats, how should you care for the wound?
• Your patient has a decreased cardiac output and poor myocardial contractility. This will likely lead to ___________.
• When a hollow organ is punctured during a penetrating injury to the abdomen:
• When should nonlifesaving interventions be performed for multisystem trauma patients?
• Your presence is requested by law enforcement to assess a sexually assaulted patient who is bleeding; what should you do first?
• What mechanism(s) does the body use to control bleeding?
• Compartment syndrome typically develops within which time frame after injury?
• What is the correct name for the upper jawbones?
• The musculoskeletal system includes bones and which type of muscle?
• Which area of the body has the thinnest skin?
• During head injury assessment, which change in pulse is most concerning for a significant head injury?
• When a light is shone into the pupil, which response is expected?
• For a patient with an open facial injury, what is the EMT's immediate priority?
• Which of the following sequences lists the spinal column sections from most superior to most inferior?